"Escrow" is a term that describes the neutral third-party handling of funds, documents, and tasks specific to the closing (or settlement, as it is also known), as outlined on the real estate purchase agreement or sales contract. The purpose of escrow is to facilitate the transaction by managing the disbursement of funds.
Key Players
In accordance with local custom, the buyer or seller involved in the transaction will select the escrow provider, though they often defer to their real estate agent to make this decision. This provider could be an escrow company, title officer, or title/escrow attorney, depending upon many considerations, including the geographical location of transaction.
Roles
The escrow provider may have a duty to arrange and/or track the requirements and contingencies outlined within the purchase contract. These might include home inspections, the purchase of homeowners insurance, the completion of negotiated repairs, and financing requirements.
Process
Once all transaction contingencies are met, including the execution of all documents necessary to complete the transaction, the escrow company will disburse funds to the seller and other parties, all in accordance with the purchase agreement.
Cost
The cost of escrow services is covered by the buyer or seller as determined by local custom, market conditions, or contractual agreement made within the purchase offer.
Closing/Consummation
Once all the tasks described within the purchase agreement have been completed and the appropriate funds are disbursed, the transaction is complete and the escrow closes.
